Botanical name: Citrus spp
Family: Ruta ceae
Origin: Asia
VARIETIES
1. Sweet orange (citrus sinensis) 7m by 7m
2. Sour orange (citrus aurantium) 7m by 7m
3. Tangerine (citrus nobilis)
(citrus reticulanta)
7m by 7m
4. Shad dock: (citrus maxima) 6m by 6m
5. Grape (citrus paradisi) 8.1m by 8.1m
6. Lime (citrus aurantifolia) 8.1m by 8.1m
7. Sweet lime (citrus limetta) 8.1m by 8.1m
The following are to be
considered in selecting site for citrus
Citrus grow well in tropical
and sub-tropical climate.
The plant requires moisture
because its main product is water based.
Excessive moisture is not good
because it makes fruit to be over sized/ puffy.
CLIMATIC
REQUIREMENTS
Rainfall – 1000 mm- 2000mm
evenly distributed over at least a month for citrus at the time of flowering
and fruiting.
Temperature: 150c –
550 for growth and optimum for vegetative growth 290c-29.40c
temperature for ripening is 12.80c – 18.30c
SOIL
REQUIREMENTS
Well drained, deep, loamy soil
not too acidic is required. Water logging area must be avoided.
LAND
PREPARATION
Citrus does not require shade in
the field, so trees that can provide shade should be cut.
METHOD
OF PROPAGATION
By seed (sexual or vegetative
propagation)
POST
PLANTING OPERATION
Post planning operation is the
same as that of cocoa
MATURITY
PERIOD: it is
between 3-7 years
HARVESTING.
1. Fruits are easily perishable
therefore they should be harvested as soon as they mature
2. Care must be taking during
harvesting to avoid damage to the fruits
3. Harvesting knife is used in
harvesting citrus
USE
1. It is used as drink (food)
DISEASE
OF CITRUS
Citrus diseases may
be caused by any of the group pathogen. The diseases of citrus are as follow.
1. Tristeza (viral disease)
CONTROL
Plant resistant variety
2. Gummosis – (fungi disease)
Control – spray with
appropriate fungicide
Causative organism: phytophthera
citrophthora
3. Scab (fungi disease)
Control: Proper farm sanitation and use plant
resistant variety
PESTS
OF CITRUS
1. Purple scale
2. Mealy bug
3. Aphids
4. Fruit moths
5. Leaf hoppers
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